The round helmet
Seven turrets against the Ottomans.
Jeremiah Z. Cockroach — CC BY-SA 4.0 · Igor123121 — CC BY 4.0 · Jakub Hałun — CC BY-SA 4.0 · Marcin Konsek — CC BY-SA 4.0
The route of coronation and royal funeral processions: Florian Gate, Floriańska street, the Rynek (the salute stop), Grodzka street, then Wawel for the crowning — today the touristic spine: walk it as they did and you will have seen the whole old town by verdict.
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The Barbican is Krakow's war helmet: a round gate-fort (1498) of three-metre walls and seven watch turrets — the largest and completest of Europe's three surviving barbicans, built against the advancing Ottomans and once tunnel-linked to the gate behind. Behind it the Gothic Florian Gate with its tower — entrance of the Royal Road every coronation king walked down to the Rynek and on to Wawel — its inner wall a street painters' gallery for a century, the wall remnant with three towers walkable in summer. And around the whole town runs the Planty: where the walls fell (1820s), a four-kilometre ring garden was planted encircling the old town in unbroken shade — the morning and sunset walk that returns you where you began: round the entire town in one green hour no car crosses.
Seven turrets against the Ottomans.
Street painters on the kings' wall.
Basztowa 15, 30-547 Krakow