Wooden streets a few metres deep that read as long.
Didier Descouens โ CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท Annika_of_Nine โ CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท Annika_of_Nine โ CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท Annika_of_Nine โ CC BY-SA 4.0
**The oldest surviving indoor theatre in the world โ its wooden stage set a four-century-old optical illusion** โ Palladio's last work. **Andrea Palladio** designed it in **1580** as his final design; **he died before it was finished** and his pupil Scamozzi completed it, **opening in 1585**. โ **It is the first permanent indoor theatre of the modern age** โ before it, performances were held in temporary halls. โ **The set behind the stage is a trick**: **the streets of "Thebes" built in wood and plaster** running back through five archways โ โ **and they are in fact only a few metres deep**, **but the floor rises and the buildings shrink by degrees**, so they read as long streets. โ **These sets were built in 1585 for a single performance** โ **and never removed**. โ **And the ceiling is painted as sky.**
Wooden streets a few metres deep that read as long.
A columned, statue-filled architectural front behind the stage.
Semi-elliptical wooden rows beneath a painted sky.
Piazza Matteotti 11, 36100 Vicenza, Italy
**Three devices at once: a rising floor, shrinking dimensions and converging lines โ and the eye believes them.** โ **First โ the floor**: **the streets behind the arches are not level but rise steeply** with distance. โ **And the eye reads rising as receding**, because distant things in the real world sit higher in the field of view. โ **Second โ scale**: **the buildings, doors and windows shrink progressively** the further in they go โ **so the last ยซhouseยป in the street may be the height of a man**. โ **And the eye reads small as far, not as actually small.** โ **Third โ the lines**: **the edges of buildings and floor are angled to converge on a single vanishing point** โ **exactly what linear perspective does in painting**, โ **but here built in three dimensions**. โ **The cost**: **the illusion is calibrated for one eye in one position** โ **the seat of honour at the centre of the tiers**; โ **and anyone sitting to the side watches it collapse** into short, skewed streets. โ **Which is why actors never entered those streets** โ **a full-size actor at the far end betrays the scale instantly**.
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