The tall walls
Some exceeding ten metres.
Dina Rogatnykh โ CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท Nikolina Ivanova โ CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท Nikolina Ivanova โ CC BY-SA 4.0 ยท Nikolina Ivanova โ CC BY-SA 4.0
Founded by Greek settlers from Miletus (6th BC), named for the legendary hero Odysseus in tribute to his epic sea voyages โ before the Romans later renamed it, then the modern Slavic name Varna settled after Slavic and Bulgarian tribal settlement of the region (7th century onward) โ naming layers exactly paralleling its material civilisational layers.
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Varna's Great Roman Thermae is the fourth-largest surviving Roman bath complex in all Europe (after Rome, Trier and Carthage) โ built by the Romans (2nd-3rd century AD) when the city was called Odessos, a thriving Black Sea port, spanning over 7,000 square metres with towering brick walls still standing at close to their original height. The system was engineeringly complex: successive cold, hot and warm halls (frigidarium, tepidarium, caldarium), an advanced underfloor heating network, and water sourced through aqueducts from considerable distances โ thousands of residents visited daily, not merely for cleanliness but as a central civic social and political hub, in classic Roman style. Today you walk among the remaining standing walls (some exceeding ten metres tall) amid a calm open archaeological garden, away from Varna's busy commercial street noise โ an experience giving a genuine sense of the original building's scale beyond any enclosed museum.
Some exceeding ten metres.
An advanced underfloor network beneath the halls.
Han Krum 1, 9000 Varna